forked from sr2/www.sr2.uk
Updates to irl blog post
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@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ into a future release.
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## WiFi HaLow
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## WiFi HaLow
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Traditional WiFi operates at 2.4GHz, 5GHz, and up to provide high speed connections between local devices.
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Traditional WiFi operates at 2.4GHz and 5GHz, and aims to provide high speed connections between local devices.
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The higher the speed, the higher the frequency of the carrier required, and pushes in this direction have led to the
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The higher the speed, the higher the frequency of the carrier required, and pushes in this direction have led to the
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development of the WiGig standard offering multi-gigabit speeds operating at 60GHz.
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development of the WiGig standard offering multi-gigabit speeds operating at 60GHz.
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There is a tradeoff however that as the frequency increases the distance that the signal propagates and the materials
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There is a tradeoff however: as the frequency increases the distance that the signal propagates and its ability to
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it can propagate through both decrease.
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propagate through materials both decrease.
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WiFi HaLow is IEEE 802.11ah, a wireless protocol that takes WiFi and moves it down below 1 GHz. This is 863-870MHz in
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WiFi HaLow is IEEE 802.11ah, a wireless protocol that takes WiFi and moves it down below 1 GHz. This is 863-870MHz in
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ITU region 1 and some countries in region 3, and 902-928MHz in region 2.
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ITU region 1 and some countries in region 3, and 902-928MHz in region 2.
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@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ Being in this lower frequency range means that signal can propagate further and
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materials like those found in urban environments.
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materials like those found in urban environments.
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To be compliant with the local rules governing radio spectrum use, the transmissions must be entirely contained within
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To be compliant with the local rules governing radio spectrum use, the transmissions must be entirely contained within
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the available frequency range and for data transmissions there can be some "spillover" affecting nearby frequencies from
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the available frequency range, as for data transmissions there can be some "spillover" affecting nearby frequencies from
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the signal.
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the signal.
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In region 2, including the United States, there is a full 26MHz available allowing for 8MHz wide channels and a
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In region 2, including the United States, there is a full 26MHz available allowing for 8MHz wide channels and a
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theoretical maximum throughput of 43Mbps.
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theoretical maximum throughput of 43Mbps.
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In regions 1 and 3 however there is only 7MHz available allowing for a 2MHz wide channel with maximum theoretical
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In regions 1 and 3 however there is only 7MHz available allowing for a 2MHz wide channel with maximum theoretical
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throughput of 8.9Mbps.
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throughput of 8.9Mbps.
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The trade-offs is straightforward: you sacrifice throughput for range.
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The trade-off is straightforward: you sacrifice throughput for range.
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HaLow promises roughly 10× the range and 100× the coverage area of conventional WiFi, which matters when you're rapidly
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HaLow promises roughly 10× the range and 100× the coverage area of conventional WiFi, which matters when you're rapidly
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deploying an ad-hoc network responding to an evolving situation.
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deploying an ad-hoc network responding to an evolving situation.
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It is not a replacement for the WiFi that carries your video calls.
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It is not a replacement for the WiFi that carries video calls, but rather a means of tactical communication and
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It is a means of tactical communication and dissemination of updates received from outside the network, allowing for
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dissemination of updates received from outside the network, allowing for the exchange of critical messaging and
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the exchange of critical messaging and maintaining situational awareness for responders during communications outages.
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maintaining situational awareness for responders during communications outages.
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In our evaluation of WiFi HaLow, we used the Morse Micro
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In our evaluation of WiFi HaLow, we used the Morse Micro
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[MM8108-EKH19 Evaluation Kit](https://www.morsemicro.com/resources/product_brief/MM8108-EKH19-Product-Brief.pdf) which
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[MM8108-EKH19 Evaluation Kit](https://www.morsemicro.com/resources/product_brief/MM8108-EKH19-Product-Brief.pdf) which
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@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ devices competing for spectrum. (Check out the
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[Morse Micro YouTube channel](https://www.youtube.com/@morsemicro) if you want to see some ideal environment tests, like
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[Morse Micro YouTube channel](https://www.youtube.com/@morsemicro) if you want to see some ideal environment tests, like
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this one [achieving 3km range along Ocean Beach, California](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xlUijXucoM)).
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this one [achieving 3km range along Ocean Beach, California](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xlUijXucoM)).
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At 500 meters it was still possible, albeit frustrating slow at times, to access the Butter Box interface over the
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At 500 meters it was still possible, albeit frustratingly slow at times, to access the Butter Box interface over the
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bridge. At that distance, it would be practical to have a second Butter Box to provide an interface and Delta Chat
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bridge. At that distance, it would be practical to have a second Butter Box to provide an interface and Delta Chat
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relay, and then allow the relays to communicate over the bridge but keep other interactions local. Delta Chat is built
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relay, and then allow the relays to communicate over the bridge but keep other interactions local. Delta Chat is built
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on email which was designed to be delay tolerant from the start and so is well suited for this use case.
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on email which was designed to be delay tolerant from the start and so is well suited for this use case.
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@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ They were labelled as "USR-LG206-P" and while we were unable to obtain a datashe
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We confirmed that data could indeed be sent over greater distances than WiFi HaLow in our initial testing however this
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We confirmed that data could indeed be sent over greater distances than WiFi HaLow in our initial testing however this
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throughput was not suitable to attempt to load the Butter Box portal.
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throughput was not suitable to attempt to load the Butter Box portal.
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One possibility that we would have explored given more time would be to run UUCP over the emulated serial link.
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One possibility for future exploration would be to run UUCP over the emulated serial link.
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The necessary software for this [is maintained in Debian to this day](https://packages.debian.org/sid/uucp) and would
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The necessary software for this [is maintained in Debian to this day](https://packages.debian.org/sid/uucp) and would
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be ready for configuration in a custom Delta Chat relay configuration.
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be ready for configuration in a custom Delta Chat relay configuration.
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